PART IV

COMPARISONS OF COMMUNICATION MEDIA SYSTEMS

Media Usage

•newspapers

•books

•cinema

•radio

•television

•video

•records/tapes/CD’s

•advertising

•satellites

•telephone

•postal service

•computer communication

 

North America

Key Factors

•strong emphasis on privatization

•long-term acceptance of the concept of commercialism

•Canadian broadcast system very different from U.S.

 

Key Factors - US

•Newspapers locally based – typically one per city

•National magazines with narrower demographics

•Radio primarily local

•4 major TV networks plus local stations

•Almost all media privately owned and financed through advertising

 

Key Factors - Canada

•Country’s size and population distribution

•proximity to the U.S.

•multicultural issues between English and French

 

Central and South America

Key Factors

•Spanish language (except Brazil)

•US involvement - capital and technology

•social structures typical of developing countries

•political instability

•uneven economic growth and development

•drug wars limit freedom of press

•Mexico and Brazil are leading players

 

Western Europe

Key Factors

•basic structure includes a well-developed public and newer private system

•financed through license fees and advertising

•paternalistic programming from public systems

•magazines flourishing

•new technology providing more access to programming

•most countries small and homogenous

•less suspicion of government and more of big business

•European integration a major factor

 

Central and Eastern Europe

Key Factors

•change in economics

•new relationship with politics

•new role for mass media

•TV beginning to privatize, radio well under way

•Private ownership frequently non-local (German)

•NIS much less developed

•New members in EU

 

Albania

Albanian State TV

Bulgaria

Bulgarian State Radio

Radio Pristis

bTV

About BTV

•Balkan News Corporation represents the first private national television in Bulgaria – bTV.

•bTV is 100% owned by News Corporation – a  company, active in a variety of areas such as: television, cable and satellite television, filmed entertainment, newspapers, magazines and inserts, book publishing, technology, etc. In the Balkan Peninsula, the company identifies itself in countries like Russia, Romania, Poland, and in Bulgaria.

•At present, bTV signifies News Corporation’s only terrestrial television in the region.

 

History

•Balkan News Corporation was established on September 27, 2000.

•On April 6, 2000 the Bulgarian State Commission on Telecommunications officially proclaimed the company a winner in the tender for a first private national television in the country and awarded it with a license.

•bTV’s first day of broadcast was June 1, 2000.

 

Our philosophy

•bTV is a symbol of the new.

•By means of representing the first private national television in Bulgaria, it thus aspires to be the first  channel on the market that embodies in its structure all established Western standards, modifying them in accordance with the norms and demands of the Bulgarian audience.

•bTV offers unique and unexplored on the Bulgarian market forms of broadcast. It provides interactive and sophisticated content, high quality production. It is 100% independent in all given aspects, and its decision-making is chiefly driven by results.

•bTV makes a stand for a new and completely different outlook.

 

Program Acquisitions

•Our major program acquisitions so far are:

–Time Warner and MGM for movies, series and sitcoms;

–UEFA European Champion’s League with 33 match weeks;

–Tepuy International with soap operas;

–Saban Entertaiment for movies;

–Fox Kids block;

–Columbia Tristar for movies and sitcoms;

–WWE with two hours per week;

–24 children’s classic movies, produced in Russia;

–BTV is in process of negotiations with TF1 for a large number of French movies.

 

Local and independent productions:

 

•Currently, we have about 25 shows, produced in-house or as independent productions. To name just a few:

–The night show of Slavi Trifonov (ratings reaching 25-27%);

–Two TV games

–A teenage show “SPOKO”

–A geography show “The Globe”

–A cooking show “Bon Apetit”

–A Candid camera show “Sweet revenge”

–A morning talk show “Sincerely and personally”

–“The funniest pets and people on the planet”

 

Audience

•bTV conquered 40% of the Bulgarian audience and attracted more than 55% of the advertising market.

 

Hungarian Media

 

Middle East

Key Factors

•unifying elements of language, culture, and religion

•Western external services popular but less reliance on western news

•Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar leading players

•governments maintain tight control over structure and programming

•religion has a strong influence over content

•the Gulf War had a major impact on media – 9/11 and invasion of Iraq also impact

•Rise of fundamentalism

•Al-Jazeera has become the video voice of the Arab world and is reversing the traditional flow of news

 

Africa

Key Factors

•radio established by European power (British, French), TV established after independence

•economic conditions and low standard of living have severely effected operations

•political fragility

•multiple languages within countries

•religion (Christianity) has played a major role in media development

•South Africa is the lead country in economics and media

 

Radio Station in Dar

Catholic Radio in Dar

Radio Phoenix in Zambia
State Radio in Swaziland

State TV in Swaziland

Swazi Times

 

Asia

Key Factors

•Western domination effects technology, media, and popular culture

•Japan stands as an influential model

•tremendous growth in economy – although economic downturn since 1997 has hurt

•role of satellite broadcasting

•diversity of countries

•authoritarian media systems still prevalent

•relationship between economic development and media systems

•Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong, South Korea leading media producers

•People’s Republic of China a mix of communist politics and capitalist economics

 

Australasia (Oceania)

Key Factors

•traditionally tied to British and West

•increasingly tied to Asia

•large population of non-English speaking immigrants and natives

 

Ownership Structures

•government

•private

•mixtures

 

Economics and Financing

•general government funding

•license fees

•advertising

•mixtures

•other means

 

Regulation

•technical

•structural

•content

 

Programming

•entertainment

•news

•music

•public service

•program production