GEO-421 PETROLOGY
Readings from Raymond, 2nd Edition
You are responsible for all material in the chapters or parts of chapters noted below. You may find other parts of the book beneficial and interesting as well.

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER 1: (all) p. 2-6

ROCK-FORMING MINERALS

CHAPTER 3: Igneous Minerals; p.38-40.

IGNEOUS CLASSIFICATION

CHAPTER 3: Textural-Mineralogical Classifications...; p.40-54
CHAPTER 6: Basalts...; p. 98-100; p. 105 (Fig. 6.7); Check out Table 6.1 (analyses of basalts with CIPW norms)
CHAPTER 11: This chapter deals with alkaline rocks and relatives. Look it over to get a feel for these rocks (note Magnet Cove section)

IGNEOUS DIFFERENTIATION

CHAPTER 5: Petrogenesis...; p. 83-88 (magma genesis); p. 91-93 (magma modification)
CHAPTER 4: Phase Diagrams...p. 57-74 (binary); p. 75-81 (ternary). Be sure to reflect upon these figures: 4.5, 4.10, 4.11, 4.12, 4.14, 4.15, 4.16, 4.18, 4.20, 4.21, 4.22

IGNEOUS MELT GENERATION

BASALT: Read Chapter 6: p. 103-118. Would be nice to also read about "komatiites" and "kimberlites" (p. 118-119).
GRANITE-Rhyolite: Review p. 78-79, particulalrly Figures 4.20 and 4.21. Read "Petrogenesis of Rhyolites". p. 129 and "Yellowstone Example" to end of chaper 7. Read "Origins of Granitoid Rocks" p. 205 to 214.
DIORITE-Andesite: Start with "Types and Occurences..." p. 140 - 149. Would not hurt to scan "Examples of Andesite origins"
ALKALINE ROCKS: Chapter 11, especially "mantle melts" p. 244.

NOTE: Chapter 9 Ultramafic-Mafic complexes and Related Rocks deals with the topic of Lab #4. It contains some useful information.

SEDIMENTARY CLASSIFICATION & PROCESSES

CHAPTER 13: Read it all. pay attention to Figures 13.2, 13.3, 13.4. Note the Folk classification (Fig. 13.7) of carbonates, but there are others (e.g., Dunham, Fig. 13.6, and Cuffey, Fig. 13.8). Cuffy is commonly used today; you should have some knowledge of "Wackestone", "Packstone", "Grainstone", etc.; those terms commonly occur in the literature. A calcarenite, for example, is also a "grainstone".

CHAPTER 14: Weathering: Pay careful attention to the reactions on p. 293: Read about Goldich's weathering series.We will not discuss "newtonian fluids", etc. (p.296) but read about those things anyway. That discussion helps one undersatnd the physics of sediment transport. Check out Fig. 14.2 . On p. 298-299 read about Eh-pH; we will touch on that later (see if you can make sense out of Fig. 14.5; this is a very important diagram). Read about recrystallization, cementation, authigenesis, etc. on p. 300-301. The whole section on diagenesis starting on p. 302 should give you anything and everything you would ever want to know about the topic. We will discuss dolomitization and the evaporite processes, so be sure to read about those subjects: p. 304-306. Section on CHERT is a must-read (p.306). Same for Sandstones and Conglomerates (p. 307).

CHAPTER 15: Sedimentary Environments; Read this chapter in its intirety; know Table 15.1.

CHAPTER 17: Because Sandstones are so important, read this chapter carefully. You will recognize terminology and concepts presented in class and lab. Note in Fig. 17.3 (p. 369) how sandstone compositions can be used to predict provenance. Can you find "Ojakangas" on p. 382?

CHAPTER 19: This is the CARBONATE chapter; read carefully. These are very important rocks and you have studied them in lab for good reason (they control our climate, for one thing). Note all the varied environments in which they form. Be sure to understand Packstones, Grainstones, Boundstones, and similar terminology.

CHAPTER 20: Cherts, evaporites, etc. These are very interesting and economically important rocks. We will particularly discuss evaporites in class. Note that our salt deposits are actually depicted in Fig. 20.12. Note the Eh-pH diagram on p. 457 (Fig. 20.19). Does it make sense to you? Why do you suppose diagrams like these would be constructed? They are the "phase diagrams" (stability diagrams) for sedimentary systems. Any Geochemistry course deals with them extensively.

METAMORPHIC ROCKS & METAMORPHISM

CHAPTER 21: Pay attention to Fig. 21.4; otherwise, read the whole chapter. This is all about texture and structures and how they come about.

CHAPTER 22: Concentrate on Tables 22.1, 22.2, 22.3 and Figures 22.4, 22.5, 22.8, 22.9. Know about petrogenetic grids, facies, and facies series. Note Miyashiro's 5 facies series, p.501. These are essential to using metamorphic rocks as tectonic indicators.

CHAPTER 23: Read especially about ACF and AFM phase diagrams. Read about how the phase rule applies to metamorphic reactions, begining on p. 508.

CHAPTERS 24 and 25: Skim through these chapters; they are very detailed accounts of contact and regional metamorphic terrains. Might want to read about the Buchan and Barrovian series in Chapter 25, and note that these are found near us in the N.E. USA. Note how phase diagrams are used to depict facies in Fig. 25.7 and see Table 25.2 for representative assemblages.

CHAPTER 26: Skim this one, but be aware of the blueschist facies and how it relates to subduction trenches; see Fig. 26.9, 26.10 and P-T diagram, Fig. 26.14.

CHAPTER 30. Read this in its intirety, very carefully. This is a great petro-tectonic summary -- and it's short!