EVALUATION OF TEACHING
REPORT OF TASK FORCE: SPRING 2002
Co-Chairs: Jack Berkley and Joan Burke
Introduction:
As Fredonia’s “Conceptual Framework” makes clear, we
believe that becoming a responsive educator at any level is part of a life-long
learning process, and a responsive teaching professional continues to grow
throughout his/her career. We assume that faculty members at all ranks
have the desire, the knowledge, and the skills with which to improve teaching
effectiveness. In order to encourage and facilitate continuing professional
growth and to evaluate the progress of our faculty members, we have provided
the following set of guidelines.
I. The evaluation of teaching effectiveness in
all departments and schools should reflect information collected from several
relevant sources. Although teaching is best evaluated by its effect
upon students, students represent only one segment of the academic community
and may only partially perceive the effect of the teaching in their courses.
Ideally, any departmental evaluation of teaching effectiveness will include
perceptions from all four populations listed below:
A. Teacher
B. Students
C. Faculty Peers
D. Departmental Administrators (Chairs, Directors,
etc.)
II. As support for the basic principle
above, we expressed agreement with the following statement in Changing
Practices in Evaluating Teaching (1999) by Peter Seldin & Associates:
Each source of information –
student, peer, administrator,
self-assessment – offers important
but limited insights.
No single source is enough for tenure,
promotion,
or retention decisions (219).
Peter Seldin’s book is quoted here because it is familiar to several faculty
members who attended his workshop on teaching portfolios, but many other educational
theorists have expressed similar concerns. Parker J. Palmer, for instance,
in The Courage to Teach: Exploring the Inner Landscape of a Teacher’s
Life decries the fact that too often academic institutions operate on
the belief that “good teaching can be crammed into the scales of a survey
questionnaire” filled out only by students (94).
III. The Task Force proposes some revisions
in each of the following categories:
A. Teacher’s self-appraisal: In
addition to the revised CV included with his/her renewal dossier, each faculty
member will submit a one-page self-appraisal which will reflect on teaching
progress made since the last renewal and which will identify goals for the
subsequent reappointment period. In keeping with our College-wide commitment
to teaching and our realization that honest self-reflection is a pre-requisite
for teaching excellence, the chairpersons, directors, and deans encourage
honesty and candor in these statements. [Although beyond its charge,
the Task Force recommends that such brief appraisals also be prepared for
scholarship and for service.]
B. Students: Course Evaluations prepared by students
provide another perspective of the instructor’s teaching. In all evaluations,
we recommend that students be provided opportunities to indicate ratings
for teaching effectiveness and to write comments that provide a necessary
context for the ratings. In addition, students should be asked to assess
their own performance in the course as well as the degree to which they have
benefited from the course. Students may also be asked to evaluate any
and/or all of the following: teaching skills, organization of the course,
course materials and/or texts, course assignments, work load, teacher-student
interaction, opportunities for conferences with the instructor, and interest
in taking another course from the instructor.
The decision about what form(s) to use is to be made by the instructor within
his/her departmental guidelines for Evaluation of Teaching. Each department
will be free to use the College form and/or to create others for its members.
Each dean will then review the forms to be certain they ask appropriate questions.
C. Faculty Peers: As a statement of minimal requirements
involving collegial review, we recommend the following:
1. During a faculty member’s first year of teaching at
Fredonia, he/she is to be observed twice by the same senior faculty member
(a tenured associate or full professor) in the department. One of those
observations should be conducted early in the first semester and the observation
report formally submitted before the chairperson writes the initial letter
of renewal (often by November 1st). Another observation of a different
course will be done during the second semester, and the observation report
is to be included in the subsequent renewal dossier. The frequency of
future observations will be at the department’s discretion.
2. As preparation for classroom observations, we
recommend that during AY 2002-2003, departments discuss the elements of a
successful discipline-specific observation, and that guidelines for peer observations
be distributed to all members of the department. As a starting point for
these discussions, chairpersons might consider Appendices 12.4 and 12.5 in
Changing Practices in Evaluating Teaching (1999).
3. Additional peer reviews may be submitted by a senior
faculty member, perhaps the instructor’s mentor, who will review an instructor’s
teaching materials, student work submitted, interest in teaching, and/or mastery
of content knowledge.
4. In the candidate’s 6th year (or in the year of the
candidate’s tenure decision, should that happen before the 6th year), we
recommend that departments encourage at least one peer observation before
the chairperson’s letter of recommendation.
D. Administrators (Chairs, Directors, etc.).
Although departmental administrators write the renewal letters to the dean
and hence will include information from A, B, and C above, their comments
also provide a fourth and perhaps wider perspective on the instructor’s teaching
effectiveness since the previous renewal. The Task Force has focused
most significantly on clarifying the expectations for the chairperson’s portion
of the process with the hope that increased clarity at this stage will have
a positive impact on all earlier and subsequent parts of the evaluation process.
While standardizing the process has not been our primary goal, some needed
measure of consistency will undoubtedly result. We recommend that chairpersons
consider Joan DeGuire North’s essay, “Administrative Courage to Evaluate the
Complexities of Teaching,” in Changing Practices in Evaluating Teaching
(183-193).
We also recommend that the chairperson’s letter to the dean include the
following:
1. Paragraph One – Introduction
a) First person recommendation indicating appropriate
consultation as defined by departmental guidelines for renewal, the vote of
the department, and whether or not the chair supports this recommendation
b) Present rank of the candidate, an indication of the candidate’s
years of service within the department, and the intended term of reappointment.
(“We recommend that Assistant Professor X, a third year faculty member in
the department, be renewed for her 5th year reappointment.”)
c) Clarification of prior service credit, if applicable.
It might be useful to include the specific date for consideration for continuing
appointment. (“Dr. DuPont is scheduled to be considered for continuing
appointment in the Spring 2006 semester.”)
2. Paragraph Two – Assessment of Teaching
a) Identification of courses
taught since candidate’s last renewal, student
enrollment, other teaching duties.
b) Discussion of the candidate’s teaching
self-appraisal and/or an invitation to see the attached teaching statement.
c) Discussion of the results of student
evaluations, including specific enough numerical information to indicate clearly
the level of student satisfaction.
d) Concise summary of peer observation(s),
and/or an invitation to see those attached.
e) Summary of chair’s or peer review
of syllabi, handouts, assignments, tests, and other teaching materials.
f) Brief discussion of any other teaching
documentation provided by the candidate.
g) If there are concerns about teaching
effectiveness, a statement should be included to indicate expectations for
improvement, suggestions/advice on how improvement might be accomplished,
and a supportive statement indicating resources (such as peer observations
and conferences, consultation with mentor or other faculty & staff, workshop
attendance, etc.) that would be available to the faculty member to improve
his/her teaching; indication of an appropriate time frame for progress toward
these improvements.
E. At the conclusion of the evaluation/renewal process,
we recommend that chairpersons and candidates hold annual conferences
to discuss the instructor’s self-appraisal, teaching plans for the next reappointment
period, and any teaching problems either would like to address.